When
studying evangelical Christianity and
Reggae, it is simply impossible to bypass
Christafari and it's founder Mark Mohr.
I
have been observing Christafari since the
mid 1990's. I also had several contacts with
Mark Mohr. Over the years it became clear
that we did not agree in many things
although we both know our Foundation to be
Yesus Kristos, the Saviour.
So
I originally wrote this essay, three years
before it’s final publication.
I
waited such a long time, to see how
Christafarianism would
develop.
There
were strong indications that led me to
believe, that Christafari would change
things that I criticize. Not necessarily
because of my critique, and that didn’t
matter too of course. If so, then there
would be no need for the publication of a
critical analysis. I heard this from several
sides and it was even requested that I would
not publish this essay.
However
I was wrong in my interpretation of these
indications.
I
made prognoses in my original essay which
have unfortunately come to the surface more
and more as Christafari moves further toward
where they come from in the first place:
western Christianity .
And
after a few years I could no longer withhold
my analysis to you.
Having
said that, I will now analyze
Christafarianism in-depth
not scared to name the mentioned
disagreements and differences. I will make
use of publicly available material to proof
my case.
Don't
expect any gossip or bad talk though. I
reason with the word of Jah (the Holy Bible)
as foundation and the Lord JAH doesn't deal
with gossip.
I’m
concerned with the philosophy and theology
of Christafarianism .
After
studying and debating Christafarians for
years, this concern is bigger now then it
was before.
I’m
concerned that Christafarianism potentially
leads to situations of hypocrisy, useless
conflicts and profiteering as it makes use
of what many perceive to be cultural robbery
and manipulation of facts.
I’m
not saying this is necessarily intended to
be that way consciously by the founder and
thinker who came up with the name
Christafari. I’m not saying he is a
conscious agent of the powers of Babylon and
that his particular assignment is to
completely destroy the relationship between
Rastafarians and (other) Christians .
But
after analyzing the message, comparing it
with the runnings, checking back with the
scriptures as well as plain logic (which do
never conflict either), I do think that
elements of Christafarianism come directly
out of a mind set which has been influenced
by Babylon system.
Some
elements are potentially dangerous, others
contradictional, and yet again others are
outright absurd.
What
is Christafarianism, anyway?
And
why do I use this word?
Christafari
publishes newsletters, which they address to
"fellow Christafarians". So when
there are Christafarians ,
there must also be Christafarianism .
I use the term to describe the meditations
of Christafari, and combined with the fact
that Christafari name their fans "Christafarians",
I think it is justifiable to speak about
Christafarianism when
it comes to naming the theories of Mark Mohr
concerning the relationship between
Christianity and Rastafari, or as he puts
it, Rastafarianism...
Still
not convinced this word can be used? Please
know then, that Christafari founder Mark
Mohr uses the same word in his online
biography.
So,
let me introduce you to Christafarianism.
Christafari
has a website,
in which founder and leader Mark Mohr
answers questions asked by Christians about
Rastafari, Reggae and Christafari-related
related subjects.
By
reading the site it becomes clear that
Christafari is not just an ordinary Reggae
Band, but also a complete organization. With
a need for support from the Christian
mainstream?
They
organize "mission trips to
Jamaica"
and are successfully trying to get their
music accepted by the Christian Music
Industry.
There
were even plans to start a new church in
Jamaica ,
called "Jah Yard "
but apparently that didn’t work out. However,
Christafari is still involved in
“grassroots churches” on other Caribbean
islands under the name “the Gathering
”.
The
evangelicals are
very active in “planting churches ”,
as it is called. Some are good; some are out
right cultural agents of Babylon. But the
church planting is there, and often it is
structured in a hierarchical way. Founders
of new churches regularly have a “home
front” backing them with money and other
forms of support. They usually have some
title or officially sounding function like
“pastor”, “apostle” or
“minister”. This gives them some form of
“authority” over the members of the
church they founded.
And
in the evangelical world, “authority” is
a big issue.
There
is a whole school-system in which future
“pastors” and “missionaries” are
being taught the principals of evangelical
Christianity. Christafari founder Mark Mohr
has had his evangelical education at BIOLA
University .
On
the school’s website, they state: “Biola
University is a private Christian university
founded in 1908. We offer 145 academic
programs, ranging from the B.A. to the
Ph.D., through six schools. All are
regionally and professionally accredited and
based on evangelical Christianity.”
It
was at this university, that Mohr wrote the
booklets that were the catalysts for the
confrontation with Buju Banton during
the Reggae Sunsplash Tour.
They
say it is important for a writer to find an
inspiring enviroment, because it has such a
tremendous influence on the final result.
With
such a background, it is evidently that
Christafari is completely influenced by and
conformed to this system. Checking the
website it becomes clear that in order to
work with Christafari on their “mission
trips ”,
you have to conform yourself to very strict
regulation as well as “leadership”.
You
will find examples further on in this essay.
For now, let’s establish that Christafari
plants churches and the denomination is
called “The Gathering ”.
Founder
Mark Mohr writes on his website:
The
initial vision started with Jah Yard
in
JA, but since then as you can read it has
developed significantly. I am already
talking with people in Barbados and Antigua
about the possibility of starting one on
each island. We are also working this month
on starting another one in South or Central
Trinidad. Pray for us and for leaders. It is
exciting, for 15 years I have been a part of
getting Christian reggae to the Caribbean,
now I am on the other side of the ministry
also, helping build congregations that are
doctrinally sound and culturally relevant.
As this grows, I do hope to take this
concept to Jamaica, but I want to build
strong Gatherings in other Islands first and
then have the leaders of these churches be
intrical in the Jamaican plant. This would
be far more accepted if it was a Caribbean
thing and not a white Mark Mohr thing seen?
Jamaica's temperamental like that. .
As
we can see, it didn’t work out too well in
Jamaica (JA) because the church that
Christafari wanted to plant there was
considered “white”.
It
could be “temperament”, but it could
also be the realization that there is a real
and present danger of Babylon wanting to
bring the “white geezus ”
to a black people again.
I’m
not saying that this is necessarily the case
with “Jah Yard ”;
I am only giving the reason for this
“temperament”.
It
also turned out, that the establishment of
“The Gathering” came as a result of a
nasty situation in which Mark Mohr and his
wife found themselves. His wife was not
allowed access into the USA because she is
from Trinidad.
So
they went to that island and within a month,
“the Gathering ”
was founded.
The
same article states:
Mohr
remembered a thought he'd had some time back
about the need for a new sort of church –
one with sound Biblical exegesis – to be
planted in Trinidad. "I told my wife,
‘I'll pastor the church and your family
can be the worship team,'" he said.
Within
one month, "The Gathering "
was born.
How
can it be that Mark Mohr said that he would
“pastor” the church? In the evangelical
world, being a “pastor” is having a
place high up in the hierarchy of the church
sy stem.
In fact, the pastor can be considered the
leader. He “must be obeyed”.
Generally
spoken, “pastors” are “ordained” by
other “pastors”. They get some kind of
certificate or credential letter so that
they can start or “take over” a church.
This
is also the case with Mark Mohr.
Years
before he started The Gathering, Mohr became
a pastor, ordained by another pastor.
Further research led to the overstanding
that this not only provides Mark with some
kind of “authority” in the evangelical
world, he is free to do whatever he wants
with it.
The
man, who ordained Mark Mohr, is called Bob
Beeman .
Insiders will easily identify Bob Beeman as
an evangelical/charismatic Christian working
in a world of heavy metal Satanists, self
declared enemies of Jah.
Beeman
has an organization called "Sanctuary
",
which can basically be considered a church
for heavy metal fans who turned from
Satanism to Christ(ianity). It is from this
organization, that Mark Mohr came to call
himself "pastor".
The
Sanctuary organization
fully supports Christafari, although they do
emphasize with their support that the
Christafari organization is not officially
related to Sanctuary .
Bob
Beeman wrote
me: “We fully support Marks ministry.
He is officially an ordained
Sanctuary pastor.
But in our organization, we are not a
denomination. In other words, we do not have
a structure that each must adhere to. Mark
is free to do whatever he feels is best for
his band and for the Christafari ministry.
Our "connection" is one of support
and encouragement.”
Quite
some position: to have the officially
recognized title “Pastor”, enabling you
almost dictatorial powers over “your flock
of sheep”, without having to pay
responsibility. A
carte blanche. A
big responsibility.
Let
me go into more detail.
Mark
Mohr writes: “there are four
authorities that
all must be obedient to: God, the
government, pastors, and parents.”.
That’s
quite some thing. To be a pastor means, by
his own definition, that he is to be
“obeyed” by “all”.
Combine
this with the words that Bob Beeman wrote:
“Mark is free to do whatever he feels is
best for his band and for the Christafari
ministry”.
Now
think for a while about the implications for
especially the young people who are growing
up in the evangelical world. They are being
taught to obey the pastors, whether that is
right or wrong.
Let
me give you an example of how far-reaching
this authority goes.
In an internal
Christafari document called “Morals and
Tour Commitment ”
which has been published on the Christafari
website but has been taken of, you can find
some practical workouts of “pastors” who
have to be “obeyed”.
You can find the
complete text as an appendix to this essay
so you can read it in it’s context.
Let
me quote some of the material.
No
person shall have premarital sex, or any
sexual relations outside of
marriage......... No person will attain the
address or phone number of any female under
the age of 21. For both legal and spiritual
reasons, no person will be in the exclusive
company of someone of the opposite sex under
the age of 21. No person will be in the
company of female(s) over 21 unless
accompanied by one or more other members of
the group for accountability. Wives and
family members are excepted. Other
exceptions may be granted by Mark Mohr, but
must be approved in advance.
When
you want to be a part of Christafari, you
have to obey these kinds of things. The
pastor, Mark Mohr, has the authority to
factually decide who is seeing whom. It is
not up to the individual, it is up to the
pastor to decide for the individual. An
unbiblical practice.
This
practice is wide spread in the evangelical
word. And as we can see, Christafari is
completely conformed to the way this word is
run.
Regardless
of what your ideas on authority might be, it
is important to realize that “pastors”
are being listened to. When they speak,
there are indeed a great number of people
who “obey”.
There
are in fact many people who take the
pastor’s words without critical thought.
They act accordingly in the complete
conviction that they are following God,
because they follow the pastor, and the
pastor’s authority comes from God.
I’ve
heard “pastors” telling me how they
wanted to be obeyed even if they would
“order” to do a thing that is knowingly
not in accordance with God’s messages.
Yes,
authority is a big thing with the
evangelicals !
And
image too.
Generally
spoken, pastors stress the fact that they
see themselves as “examples”. They are
very much aware that they are public
speakers that preach doctrines that the
listeners perceive as words of authority.
When
we recall the internal Christafari document,
it is easy to see how image is a big
influence. Even when a perceived danger is
not really there, precaution measures are
still taken. All to avoid the idea that
someone could have a certain thought about
Christafari.
As
we will see in the next chapter, image is
also a big part of the philosophy that forms
the title of this essay.
Where
Christafari wants to avoid an image that
can be perceived as carnal in the Christian
world, they have created a philosophy, which
also uses image. This time as a tool of
communication.
Throughout
the evangelical movement, image is important
and because the evangelical way of thinking
is so influential on Christafarianism, it
shouldn’t be a surprise when we find this
back at Christafari’s.
Mark
Mohr had his education at an evangelical
university and was ordained as “person of
authority” by Bob Beeman ,
himself a very well known figure in the
Christian world. And a major influence in
what we have come to recognize as
Christafarianism.
Especially
those parts within Christafarianism, which
can be established as the reason for the
symbolical vexation of Buju Banton.
The
dramatic result of what we will see is a
simplistic, abject and absurd equation of
Satanism and Rastafari!
I
definitely do not oppose Bob Beeman and
what he does. As you might recall, he is
involved in spreading the message of Yesus
Kristos in a world of self-proclaimed
followers of Satan.
What’s
wrong with that? Nothing I can think of.
Spreading
love where hate rules is not an easy thing
to do and should, in my opinion, gain the
utmost respect from all those that love Jah.
But
this culture of hate, often closely
connected to Nazism and
the white power movement obviously has
nothing to do with the movement of Rastafari
or it's Culture.
In
spite of that, there are similarities to be
discovered between the way Christafari
shares their believe with their audience and
the way the Christian Heavy Metal scene
brings the message of Jah Salvation to their
Satanist counterparts.
These
parts form the main ingredient for the
offence that is perceived in the Rastafarian
community .
And,
sadly enough, they are also the most
important pillars where Christafarianism is
built on.
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